地球造人
BBC最新纪录片,讲述地球的力量如何改变了人类的历史。2010年1月19日首播,共播出了5集:'Water','Deep Earth', 'Wind', 'Fire','Human Planet'。节目中,Iain Stewart教授带领观众探究几个世纪以来,地质学、地理学和气候是如何影响人类生活的。   我们的星球拥有惊人的力量,但却很少在教科书中被提起。这个系列节目第一次通过电视展现地球的神奇力量对人类发展的影响。节目将历史故事的讲述和炫目的摄影镜头紧密结合,给我们呈现一幅原汁原味的人类历史图景。   Iain Stewart tells the epic story of how the planet has shaped our history. With   spectacular images, surprising stories and a compelling narrative, the series discovers the central role played in human history by four different planetary forces.   Episode 1: Water   Professor Iain Stewart continues his epic exploration of how the planet has shaped human history. This time he explores our complex relationship with water. Visiting spectacular locations in Iceland, the Middle East and India, Iain shows how control over water has been central to human existence. He takes a precarious flight in a motorised paraglider to experience the cycle of freshwater that we depend on, discovers how villagers in the foothills of the Himalayas have built a living bridge to cope with the monsoon, and visits Egypt to reveal the secret of the pharaohs' success. Throughout history, success has depended on our ability to adapt to and control constantly shifting sources of water.   Episode 2: Deep Earth   Iain Stewart tells the epic story of how the planet has shaped our history. With spectacular images, surprising stories and a compelling narrative, the series discovers the central role played in human history by four different planetary forces. In this first episode, Iain explores the relationship between the deep Earth and the development of human civilisation. He visits an extraordinary crystal cave in Mexico, drops down a hole in the Iranian desert and crawls through seven-thousand-year-old tunnels in Israel. His exploration reveals that throughout history, our ancestors were strangely drawn to fault lines, areas which connect the surface with the deep interior of the planet. These fault lines gave access to important resources, but also brought with them great danger.   Episode 3: Wind   Professor Iain Stewart continues his epic exploration of how the planet has shaped human history. Iain sets sail on one of the fastest racing boats ever built to explore the story of our turbulent relationship with the wind. Travelling to iconic locations including the Sahara desert, the coast of West Africa and the South Pacific, Iain discovers how people have exploited the power of the wind for thousands of years. The wind is a force which at first sight appears chaotic. But the patterns that lie within the atmosphere have shaped the destiny of continents, and lie at the heart of some of the greatest turning points in human history.   Episode 4: Fire   Professor Iain Stewart continues his epic exploration of how the planet has shaped human history. Iain explores man's relationship with fire. He begins by embarking on an extraordinary encounter with this terrifying force of nature - a walk right through the heart of a raging fire. Fire has long been our main source of energy and Iain shows how this meant that the planet played a crucial role in Britain's industrial revolution, whilst holding China's development back. Along the way he dives in a mysterious lake in Oregon, climbs a glacier of salt, crawls through an extraordinary cave in Iran and takes a therapeutic bath in crude oil.   Episode 5: Human Planet   Series in which Professor Iain Stewart looks at how four geological forces have shaped human history. He explores the most recently established force, humans. It's easy to think of the human impact on the planet as a negative one, but as Iain discovers, this isn't always the case. It is clear that humans have unprecedented control over many of the planet's geological cycles; the question is, how will the human race use this power?
自然的运作
是什么给雨林带来独一无二的勃勃生机?是什么造就草原动物的矫健身形?是什么帮助森林生物安然度过气候剧变?又是什么让营养极易流失的水世界异彩纷呈?在我们熟知的环境中,大自然所敲打出的清晰节奏,一切看似平常的自然现象,背后又有怎样的玄机?   6月24日至27日,英国广播公司(BBC)与美国国家地理频道(NGC)联手打造的又一纪录片力作《自然的运作》,将登陆央视综合频道(CCTV-1)晚间十点半档的“魅力纪录”栏目,该片将带领我们走进地球生物最重要的四大栖息地——雨林、草原、季节性森林与水世界,揭秘这些地域生态平衡背后的自然运作法则。   地球是1000万物种的家园,但是没有任何物种能够独立生存,所有的生命都相互依存、彼此联系,这些联系出人意料、错综复杂。要想揭开这些关系,是一项浩大的工程,而该片巧妙地选取了四种极具典型特征的栖息地类型:雨林、草原、季节性森林与水世界,运用多层次、多角度的拍摄手法,清晰呈现出四大栖息地全景及其内部结构。片中,我们不仅能跟随航拍镜头欣赏到大自然的奇丽景色,还能透过微型摄像机一探小型动物们的生存奥秘。英国《观察家报》对该片评价道,“奇妙的科学,生动的展示,丰富的知识,十分完美”,相信该片将为您的夏日带来清新感受。   生物关系 物种生存法宝   透过片中一个个镜头,我们将看到,原来两种看似毫不相关的生物之间竟有极为密切的关系。动植物之间的所有关系类型——竞争、捕食、共生、寄生,在片中都能一一找到鲜活的例证。例如,在非洲大草原,金合欢树与蚂蚁互利共生,金合欢树从蚁巢获得营养,蚂蚁则得以在金合欢树树枝的尖刺之间建立自己的临时居所。共生关系下的强强联手不仅可以衣食无忧,更能击退天敌。当长颈鹿吞食金合欢树的树叶时,就会被金合欢树的尖刺与蚂蚁放出的毒液左右夹击,溃败而逃。而在捕食关系中,最典型的,就要数世界上体型最大的动物——鲸鲨,掠食世界上体型最小的生物——浮游生物了。   微距拍摄 捕捉微处精彩   自然界中充满了微小生物,人类用肉眼看不清甚至看不见,但它们的的确确是自然界重要的一份子。为了全面呈现这些微小生物,该片摄制组可谓“无所不用其极”。在《雨林》一集中,微距镜头为我们拍摄到了世界上最小的鸟——蜂鸟的觅食画面。蜂鸟们每秒能扇动50次翅膀,每一次扇动都被镜头捕捉下来。镜头下蜂鸟的拼命劲儿,更衬托出它们吸食花蜜时,那种狼吞虎咽的神态,怪不得被称为“天生对花蜜没有抵抗力的动物”。镜头再近一些,你甚至会发现,每一种蜂鸟的喙大小形状都不同,这样我们就能容易理解,为什么这些无蜜不欢的“贪吃鬼”,其每一个种类只能吃到一种花蜜了。   其他场景,如香蕉蛞蝓的6根触须、真菌一分一毫的生长、细如微尘的浮游生物等等,我们都能通过微距镜头看得清清楚楚。这些精致的画面增加了该片的镜头容量,与航拍的宏大场景相互补充,为画面更添层次感。   三维动画 展现自然宏景   生动立体的三维动画是该片的又一大亮点。三维动画保证了故事在完整叙述上,不会受到时间与空间突变的影响。例如,摄制组在寻找白蚁的旅程中,先后穿越亚洲、非洲的大草原。空间的这一巨大变化,通过三维动画地球向东转动的画面,镜头就从亚洲草原自然过渡到非洲草原,而白蚁的故事仍在继续。   在讲述巨大的生物网络时,三维动画也发挥了意想不到的作用。在《季节性森林》一集,树木与真菌在地下无限延伸,形成了一个庞大的根系网络。如此巨大的地下网络全景,无法通过摄像机进行拍摄实景,然而,三维动画克服了这一障碍。该片通过动画模拟,我们可以清晰地看到根系网络的结构、规模与分布。同时,主创团队还别具匠心地将树木与真菌的根系网络用不同颜色区分开来,让我们清楚地看到能量物质在这两个网络中如何流动。   声画结合 打造真实意境   最后值得一提的是,片中的大量音乐,随着动植物的情态和景别的变换而起伏,或灵动,或悠扬,或激烈,或激昂,配合高清的画面,更为观众带来身临其境的感受。   分集简介   第一集 雨林   本集节目将带领观众探索雨林,解开关于雨林的最大谜团:为什么雨林中会生活着大量令人眼花缭乱的生物?其多样性为何会远远超出地球上其他的生物栖息地?摄制组将带我们探寻巴拿马和婆罗洲,揭示猩猩、森林象等大型动物对保护雨林生物多样性的重要作用。在亚马逊雨林,我们将亲眼目睹以巴西坚果树为中心,复杂而奇妙的生态关系网。   第二集 草原   本集节目将带领我们探索地球上最重要的生态系统之一——草原生态系统的运作方式。在肯尼亚,我们将了解到草原与犀牛的关系;在巴西塞拉多大草原,我们将了解鬃狼依靠狼果获取生存所需的氮元素;在澳大利亚,我们将见到袋狸、小袋鼠、袋鼬等草原居民;回到东非,我们将近距离观察到金合欢树周围所形成的奇异生态系统。   第三集 季节性森林   本集节目将展现北美洲季节性雨林在一年中经历的两次剧烈变化。这种剧烈变化要求栖息于此的生物,以及整个生态系统自身也要在同一时间发生转变,而实现这种转变的前提条件是,雨林中所有动物都拥有高度的同步性。本集中,观众将看到毛毛虫对森林树冠层生长起到的决定性作用,以及棕熊捕鱼对森林所产生的重要影响等。   第四集 水世界   在本集中,摄制组将走遍世界,展开一场对水的探索之旅。这场旅程从北大西洋中的冰岛开始,随后跨越半个地球,来到南美洲最大的湿地——潘塔纳尔湿地;然后前往位于孟加拉国横河河口的桑德班斯红树林湿地;接下来,摄制组会将目光投向海洋,探索马尔代夫的珊瑚礁,在那里解开珊瑚礁群的生长之谜;最后,潜入深海,揭示洋流将流失的营养物质送往海床的整个过程。
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